Thursday, September 09, 2010

General settings

Currency

TCURC Currency codes

TCURR Wisselkoersen

TCURT Currency name

TCURX Decimal places for currencies.

Calendar functions

T247 Month names

TFACD Factory calendar definition

T015M Month names

TTZZ Time zones

TTZD Summer time rules

TTZDF Summer time rules (fixed annual dates)

TTZDV Summer time rules (variable dates)

TTZDT Summer time rules texts

TTZ5 Assign Time Tones to Countries

TTZ5S Assign time zones to regions

Enterprise structure

Definition

FI T880 Company

T001 Company code

CO TKA01 Controlling area

LO T001W Plant / sales organisation

T499S Locations

TSPA Division

SD TVKO Sales organisation / company code

TVTW Distribution channel

TVBUR Sales office

TVKBT Sales office text

TVKGR Sales group

TVGRT Sales group text

T171T Sales district text

MM T001L Storage locations

T024E Purchasing organization

T3001 Warehouse number

TVST Shipping point

TVLA Loading point

TTDS Transportation

Assignment

CO TKA02 Assign company code to controlling area

LO T001K Assign plant (valuation area) to company code

SD TVKO Sales organisation / company code

TVKOV Distribution channel / sales organisation

TVKOS Division to sales organization

TVTA Sales aria

TVKBZ Sales office to sales area

TVBVK Sales group to sales office

TVKWZ Plants to sales organization

MM T024E Purchasing organization / company code

T024W Plant to Purchase organization

T001K Link plant ( = valuation area) / company code

TVSWZ Shipping point to plant

T320 Assignment MM Storage Location to WM Warehouse

Financial accounting

Company code

T004 Chart of accounts

T077S Account group (g/l accounts)

T009 Fiscal year variants

T880 Global company data

T014 Credit control area

Fi document

T010O Posting period variant

T010P Posting Period Variant Names

T001B Permitted Posting Periods

T003 Document types

T012 House banks

Not categorized

T007a Tax keys

T134 Material types

T179 Materials: Product Hierarchies

T179T Materials: Product hierarchies: Texts

TJ02T Status text

TINC Customer incoterms

TVFK Billing doc types

T390 PM: Shop papers for print control

Basic data / administration

Workbench related tables

Data dictionary tables

DD02L Tables in SAP

DD02T Tables description

DD03L Field names in SAP

DD03T Field description in SAP

Workbench

TADIR Directory of R/3 Repository Objects

TRDIR System table TRDIR

TFDIR Function Module

TLIBG Person responsible for function class

TLIBT Function Group Short Texts

TFTIT Function Module Short Text

TSTC Transaction codes in SAP

TSTCT Transaction codes texts

T100 Message text (vb e000)

VARID Variant data

D020T Screen texts

TDEVC Development class

TDEVCT Texts for development classes

Administration

User administration

USR01 User master

USR02 Logon data

USR03 User address data

USR04 User master authorizations

USR11 User Master Texts for Profiles (USR10)

UST12 User master: Authorizations

USR12 User master authorization values

USR13 Short Texts for Authorizations

USR40 Prohibited passwords

TOBJ Objects

TOBC Authorization Object Classes

TPRPROF Profile Name for Activity Group

DEVACCESS Table for development user

Batch input queue

APQD DATA DEFINITION Queue

APQI Queue info definition

Job processing

TBTCO Job status overview table

TBTCP Batch job step overview

Message control

TNAPR Processing programs for output

NAST Message status

NACH Printer determination

EDI

EDIDC Control record

EDIDD Data record

EDID2 Data record 3.0 Version

EDIDS EDI status record

EDPAR Convert External < > Internal Partner Number

EDPVW EDI partner types

EDPI1 EDI partner profile inbound

EDPO1/2/3 EDI partner profile outbound

Change documents

CDHDR Change document header

CDPOS Change document positioned

JCDS Change Documents for System/User Statuses (Table JEST)

LIS structure/control tables

TMC4 Global Control Elements: LIS Info Structure

MASTER DATA:

Material master:

MARA Material master

MAKT Material text

MARC Material per plant / stock

MVKE Material master, sales data

MARD Storage location / stock

MSKA Sales order stock

MSPR Project stock

MARM Units of measure

MEAN International article number

PGMI Planning material

PROP Forecast parameters

MAPR Link MARC <=> PROP

MBEW Material valuation

MVER Material consumption

MLGN Material / Warehouse number

MLGT Material / Storage type

MPRP Forecast profiles

MDTB MRP table

MDKP Header data for MRP document

MLAN Tax data material master

MTQSS Material master view: QM

Basic data text (sap script)

STXB SAP script: Texts in non-SAP script format

STXH STXD SAP script text file header

STXL STXD SAP script text file lines

Batches

MCHA Batches

MCH1 Batches

MCHB Stock: batches

Customer master data

KNA1 Customer master

KNB1 Customer / company

KNVV Customer sales data

KNBK Bank details

KNVH Customer hierarchy

KNVP Customer partners

KNVS Shipment data for customer

KNVK Contact persons

KNVI Customer master tax indicator

Vendor

LFA1 Vendor master

LFB1 Vendor per company code

LFB5 Vendor dunning data

LFM1 Purchasing organization data

LFM2 Purchasing data

LFBK Bank details

Customer – material info record

KNMT Customer material info record

Characteristics:

CABN Characteristics ( o.a. batch/vendor)

CABNT Characteristics description

CAWN Characteristics ( o.a. material)

CAWNT Characteristics description

AUSP Characteristic Values

Class types and objects :

TCLAO Several class types for object

TCLA Class types ( vb. lfa1 => v10 en 010)

TCLAT Class type text

TCLT Classifiable objects

TCLC Classification status

Links:

INOB Link between Internal Number and Object

KLAH Class header data

KSSK Allocation Table: Object (vb.matnr) to Class

KSML Characteristics for a class (internal number)

FI/CO :

FI :

Accounting documents // indices

BKPF Accounting documents

BSEG item level

BSID Accounting: Secondary index for customers

BSIK Accounting: Secondary index for vendors

BSIM Secondary Index, Documents for Material

BSIP Index for vendor validation of double documents

BSIS Accounting: Secondary index for G/L accounts

BSAD Accounting: Index for customers (cleared items)

BSAK Accounting: Index for vendors (cleared items)

BSAS Accounting: Index for G/L accounts (cleared items)

Payment run

REGUH Settlement data from payment program

REGUP Processed items from payment program

CO :

TKA01 Controlling areas

TKA02 Controlling area assignment

KEKO Product-costing header

KEPH Cost components for cost of goods manuf.

KALO Costing objects

KANZ Sales order items - costing objects

Cost center master data

CSKS Cost Center Master Data

CSKT Cost center texts

CRCO Assignment of Work Center to Cost Center

Cost center accounting

COSP CO Object: Cost Totals for External Postings

COEP CO Object: Line Items (by Period)

. COBK CO Object: Document header

COST CO Object: Price Totals

Sales and Distribution (SD) :

VBFA Document flow (alg.)

VTFA Flow shipping documents

Sales order :

VBAK Header data

VBAP Item data

VBPA Partners in sales order

VBKD Sales district data

VBEP Data related to line items, delivery lines

Shipping :

VTTK Shipment header

VTTP Shipment item

VTTS Stage in transport

VTSP Stage in transport per shipment item

VTPA Shipment partners

VEKP Handling Unit - Header Table

VEPO Packing: Handling Unit Item (Contents)

Pricing :

KONH Conditions header

KONP Conditions items

KONV Procedure ( billing doc or sales order)

KOND

Material Management (MM) :

Material document

MKPF material document

MSEG material document (item level)

Purchasing

EKKO Purchase document

EKPO Purchase document (item level)

EKPV Shipping-Specific Data on Stock Tfr. for Purch. Doc. Item

EKET Delivery schedule

VETVG Delivery Due Index for Stock Transfer

EKES Order Acceptance/Fulfillment Confirmations

EKKN Account assignment in purchasing

EKAN Vendor address purchasing

EKPA Partner functions

EIPO Item export / import data

EINA Purchase info record (main data)

EINE Purchase info record (organisational data)

EORD Source list

EBAN Purchase requisition

EBKN Purchase Requisition Account Assignment

Warehouse Management (WM) :

Transfer requirement

LTBK Transfer requirement - header

LTBP Transfer requirement - item

Transfer order

LTAK Transfer order - header

LTAP Transfer order - item

Inventory documents in WM

LINK Inventory document header

LINP Inventory document item

LINV Inventory data per quant

Quality Management (QM) :

Inspection lot / info record

QALS Inspection lot record

QAMB Link inspection lot - material document

QAVE Inspection usage decision

QDPS Inspection stages

QMAT Inspection type - material parameters

QINF Inspection info record (vendor - material)

QDQL Quality level

QDPS Inspection stages

Quality notification

TQ80 Notification types

QMEL Quality notification

QMFE Quality notification – items

QMUR Quality notification – causes

QMSM Quality notification – tasks

QMMA Quality notification – activities

QMIH Quality message - maintenance data excerpt

Certificate profile

QCVMT Certificate profile characteristic level: texts

QCVM Certificate profile characteristic level

QCVK Certificate profile header

Production Planning (PP)

Work center

CRHH Work center hierarchy

CRHS Hierarchy structure

CRHD Work center header

CRTX Text for the Work Center or Production Resource/Tool

CRCO Assignment of Work Center to Cost Center

KAKO Capacity Header Segment

CRCA Work Center Capacity Allocation

TC24 Person responsible for the workcenter

10.2 Routings/operations

MAPL Allocation of task lists to materials

PLAS Task list - selection of operations/activities

PLFH Task list - production resources/tools

PLFL Task list - sequences

PLKO Task list - header

PLKZ Task list: main header

PLPH Phases / suboperations

PLPO Task list operation / activity

PLPR Log collector for tasklists

PLMZ Allocation of BOM - items to operations

10.3 Bill of material

STKO BOM - header

STPO BOM - item

STAS BOMs - Item Selection

STPN BOMs - follow-up control

STPU BOM - sub-item

STZU Permanent BOM data

PLMZ Allocation of BOM - items to operations

MAST Material to BOM link

KDST Sales order to BOM link

10.4 Production orders

AUFK Production order headers

AFIH Maintenance order header

AUFM Goods movement for prod. order

AFKO Order header data PP orders

AFPO Order item

RESB Order componenten

AFVC Order operations

AFVV Quantities/dates/values in the operation

AFVU User fields of the operation

AFFL Work order sequence

AFFH PRT assignment data for the work order(routing)

JSTO Status profile

JEST Object status

AFRU Order completion confirmations

Production orders

AFFH PRT assignment data for the work order

CRVD_A Link of PRT to Document

DRAW Document Info Record

TDWA Document Types

TDWD Data Carrier/Network Nodes

TDWE Data Carrier Type

KANBAN

PKPS Kanban identification, control cycle

PKHD Kanban control cycle (header data)

PKER Error log for Kanban containers

Capacity planning

KBKO Header record for capacity requirements

KBED Capacity requirements records

KBEZ Add. data for table KBED (for indiv. capacities/splits)

Planned independent requirements

PBIM Independent requirements for material

PBED Independent requirement data

PBHI Independent requirement history

PBIV Independent requirement index

PBIC Independent requirement index for customer req.

Project system (PS)

Basic data

PRHI Work Breakdown Structure, Edges (Hierarchy Pointer)

PROJ Project definition

PRPS WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) Element Master Data

RPSCO Project info database: Costs, revenues, finances

MSPR Project stock

Equipment

EQUI Equipment master data

EQKT Equipment short text

EQUZ Equipment time segment

Plant maintenance (PM)

IHPA Plant Maintenance: Partners

OBJK Plant Maintenance Object List
ILOA PM Object Location and Account Assignment

AFIH Maintenance order header

Settings

T582A Infotypes: Customer-Specific Settings

Master data

T527X Organizational Units

T528T Position Texts

T554T Attendance and Absence Texts

T501 Employee group

T503 Employee group, subgroup

T503K Employee subgroup

T510N Pay Scales for Annual Salaries (NA)

T549A Payroll Accounting Areas

T750X Vacancy

Infotypes

PA0001 Org. Assignment

PA0002 Personal Data

PA0006 Addresses

PA0007 Planned Working Time

PA0016 Contract elements

PA0008 Basic pay

PA0105 Communications

PA1007 Vacancies

PA1035 Training

PA2001 Absences

Other important table

JEST System Status with object number

TJ02 System status description.

MRP Related

MDKP Header Data for MRP Document

MDTB MRP Table

MDVL Planning file entry for long term planning

MDVM Enry in MRP file

PBVPV Material Index for consumption of planning

REUL Material stock transfer reservation index

SAFK Run schedule master data

SQ01 Abap query

EDMSG ALE message type table

Monday, February 04, 2008

The Financial Statement Closing Tcodes

1. Maintain Financial Statement Versions
IMG -> Financial Accounting -> General Ledger Accounting -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Documenting -> Define Financial Statement Versions - OB58

2. Execute a Balance Sheet (RFBILA00)
Information Systems -> Accounting -> Financial Accounting -> General ledger -> Information System-> Balance Sheet

or

Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Information system -> General LedgerReports -> Balance Sheet/Profit and Loss Statement/Cash Flow -> General -> Actual/Actual Comparisons -> Balance Sheet/P+L - F.01

3. Execute a Balance Sheet Drill Down Report
Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Information system -> General LedgerReports -> Balance Sheet/Profit and Loss Statement/Cash Flow -> General - Various

4. Execute a Cost-of-Sales Profit and Loss Report
Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Special Purpose Ledger -> Tools -> Report Painter -> Report -> Display -> Library 0F1, Report 0F-GUV1 -> Display -> Execute - GRR3

Bank Reconciliation

1) The Bank reconciliation process is based on the entries passed through the Bank sub account and main account. The process is dependent on the Bank Statement received from the Bank that will be entered into SAP. Accounting rules are to be defined for each transaction type and posting rule for posting accounting entries as per bank statement. Bank statements to be uploaded into SAP.

2) Bank Main account balance is the actual balance as per the bank statement whereas the Bank sub accounts denote the reconciliation items. These sub accounts show those entries, which will flow from the sub account which are not cleared in the bank statement.

3) Adding or subtracting the Bank sub accounts will help in preparing the Bank reconciliation statement.

4) The following scenarios would explain the reconciliation process:
- Cheque received from customer
- Cheque issued to vendors
- Cheque received from Other than Customers
- Direct Debits in Bank Statement
- Direct Credits in Bank Statement
- Fund Transfer between Bank Accounts

Cheque Received From Customer

5) Accounting entry at the time of cheque deposit entry
Bank Cheque deposit account DebitCustomer Credit

6) Accounting entry after cheque has been cleared in the Bank statement Main Bank accountDebit Bank

Cheque deposit account Credit

7) The clearing criteria for updating the bank main account and bank sub account will be amount and document number which will be captured in the allocation field of the bank sub account. The items, which have not been cleared in the bank statement, will remain open in the bank sub account and will form part of the bank reconciliation statement.
Cheque Issued To Vendors

8) Accounting entry at the time of cheque issue
Vendor account DebitBank cheque payment account Credit

9) Accounting entry after cheque has been presented in the Bank
Bank cheque payment account DebitMain Bank account Credit

10) The clearing criteria used for updating vendor account and Bank cheque payment account will be amount and cheque number. The cheques presented to the bank and are cleared are transferred to the bank main account. The remaining cheque issued will form part of the bank reconciliation statement.

Direct Debit In Bank

11) Direct debit instructions will be given to the bank for example, LC payments or certain bank charges are directly debited in the Bank Statement. In this case accounting entry is passed only after the entry is passed in the bank statement.
Vendor / Expense Account Debit
Bank clearing account Credit

Direct Credit In Bank

12) Customer receipts are sometimes directly credited in Bank. E.g. export receipts. In this scenario accounting entry is passed only at the time of bank statement entry. The following accounting entry is passed
Bank clearing account DebitCustomer account Credit
Main Bank A/c Debit
Bank Clearing A/c Credit

Bank Fixed Deposits

13) HZL has a practice of converting any amount above Rs. 1 crore in its Main bank account, to a fixed deposit subject to a minimum of Rs. 1.01 crores. The FDR number can be filled in one of the fields available in the accounting document.

Cheque Management / Cheque Printing Cum Advice

14) The function of cheque management will enable printing of cheque through SAP. Cheque series will be defined for a combination of a Company code and Bank Account. Cheque numbering will be sequential order.

15) Cheque series for automatic payment has to be in sequential order. Cheque printing facility will be available for the bank account.

Cash Management / Liquidity Analysis

16) The day-to-day treasury process in a company includes a number of transactions. This includes determining the current liquidity using bank account balances (cash position), determining open receivables and liabilities (liquidity forecast), manually entering planned cash flows (payment advice notes), through to clearing bank accounts, that is, collecting multiple bank account balances on one target account.

17) The main objective is to ensure liquidity for all due payment obligations. It is also important to control and monitor effectively the incoming and outgoing cash flows.

18) This section shows you the overall liquidity status of your company by displaying together the cash position and the liquidity forecast. The cash position is used in Cash Management to show the value-date-dependent bank accounts and bank clearing accounts, as well as the planned cash flows (payment advice notes). The liquidity forecast comprises the incoming and outgoing cash flows, as well as the planned items on the sub-ledger accounts.

Assets and Liabilities Closing Tcodes

1. Process Depreciation Run Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Periodic processing -> Depreciation run -> Execute - AFAB

2. Process Investment Grant Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Periodic processing -> Investment grant- AR11

3. Process Revaluation Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Periodic processing -> Revaluation for the balance sheet -> Post revaluation - AR29

4. AA Fiscal Year Change Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Periodic processing -> Fiscal year change - AJRW

5. AA Fiscal Year Close – Account Reconciliation Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Periodic processing -> Year-end closing -> Account reconciliation - ABST2

6. AA Fiscal Year Close Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Periodic processing -> Year-end closing -> Execute - AJAB

7. Produce Asset History Sheet Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Info system -> Reports on Asset Accounting -> Balance Sheet Explanations -> International -> Asset History Sheet

or

Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Fixed assets -> Info system -> Reports on Asset Accounting -> Balance Sheet Explanations -> Country Specifics - various

8. Produce GR/IR Balance Report Logistics -> Materials Management -> Inventory Management -> Environment -> Balances Display -> List of GR/IR Bals. - MB5S

9. Maintain GR/IR Clearing Account Logistics -> Materials Management -> Invoice Verification -> Invoice Verification -> Further processing -> Maintain GR/IR acct - MR11

10. Material Revaluations – Price Changes (manual) Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Price Determination -> Change price - MR21

11. Material Revaluations – Debit/Credit Material Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Price Determination -> Debit/cred. material - MR22

12. Product Costing Material Price Change Accounting -> Controlling -> Product Cost Controlling -> Product Cost Planning -> Material Costing -> Price Update - CK24

13. Material Ledger Closing Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Actual Costing/Material Ledger -> Periodic material valuation -> Post closing - CKMI

14. Materials Management Closing Logistics -> Materials Management -> Material Master -> Other -> Close period - MMPV

15. Materials Management Closing – Control Posting to Prior Period Logistics -> Materials Management -> Material Master -> Other -> Allow posting to previous period - MMRV

16. Lowest Value Determination – Market Prices Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Bal. sheet valuation -> Determ. lowest values -> Market prices - MRN0

17. Lowest Value Determination – Range of Coverage Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Bal. sheet valuation -> Determ. lowest values -> Range of coverage - MRN1

18. Lowest Value Determination – Movement Rate Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Bal. sheet valuation -> Determ. lowest values -> Movement rate - MRN2

19. Lowest Value Determination – Loss-Free Valuation Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Bal. sheet valuation -> Determ. lowest values -> Loss-free valuation - MRN3

20. LIFO Valuation Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Bal. sheet valuation -> LIFO Valuation - Various

21. FIFO Valuation Logistics -> Materials Management -> Valuation -> Valuation -> Bal. sheet valuation -> FIFO Valuation - Various

22. Physical Inventory Processing Logistics -> Materials Management -> Physical Inventory - Various

23. Analyze GR/IR Clearing Accounts and Display Acquisition Tax Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Regroup -> GR/IR clearing -
F.19

24. Define Adjustment Accounts for GR/IR Clearing IMG -> Financial Accounting -> General Ledger Accounting -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Regrouping -> Define Adjustment Accounts for GR/IR Clearing - OBYP

25. Print Balance Confirmation Accounting -> Financial accounting -> A/P or A/R -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Check/count -> Balance confirmation: Print

or

Accounting -> Financial accounting -> A/P or A/R -> Periodic processing -> Print correspondence -> Balance confirmation -> Print letters - F.17

26. Configure Balance Confirmation Accounting -> Financial accounting -> A/P or A/R -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Check/count ->…

or

Accounting -> Financial accounting -> A/P or A/R -> Periodic processing -> Print correspondence -> Balance confirmation - F.1B, F.1A

27. Post Individual Value Adjustment Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Accounts receivable -> Document entry -> Other -> Intern. trans. posting -> Without clearing - F-21

28. Define Account Determination for Flat-Rate Individual Value Adjustment IMG -> Financial Accounting -> Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Valuate -> Valuations -> Define Accounts OBB0

29. Configure Flat-Rate Individual Value Adjustment IMG -> Financial Accounting -> Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Valuate -> Valuations ->… SPRO

30. Calculate Flat-Rate Individual Value Adjustment Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Accounts receivable -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Valuate -> Further valuations - F107

31. Writing-Off Doubtful Receivables Accounting -> Financial accounting -> Accounts receivable -> Document entry -> Other -> Intern. trans. psting -> With clearing - F-30

32. Customizing Exchange Rates IMG -> General Settings -> Currencies - Various

33. Maintaining Exchange Rates Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Environment -> Current settings -> Enter exchange rates - OB08

34. Customizing Valuation Methods IMG -> Financial Accounting -> General Ledger Accounting
-> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Valuating -> Foreign Currency Valuation -> Define Valuation Methods - OB59

35. Foreign Currency Open Item Valuation Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Periodic processing -> Closing>>Valuate -> Valuation of Open Items in Foreign Currency - F.05

36. Account Determination for Exchange Rate Differences IMG -> Financial Accounting -> General Ledger Accounting -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Valuating -> Foreign Currency Valuation -> Prepare automatic postings for foreign currencyvaluation - OBA1

37. Regroup Receivables and Payables Accounting -> Financial accounting -> A/P or A/R -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Regroup -> Receivables/ Payables - F101

38. Account Determination for Regrouping Receivables and Payables IMG -> Financial Accounting -> Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Regrouping - OBBV, OBBW, OBBX

39. Revalue Foreign Currency G/L Account Balances Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Valuate -> Foreign Currency Valuation of Inventory - F.06

40. Posting Accruals/Deferrals Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Valuate -> Enter Accrual/Deferral Doc. - FBS1

41. Posting Accrual/Deferral Reversal Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Periodic processing -> Closing -> Valuate -> Reverse Accrual/Deferral Document - F.81

42. Generate Recurring Entry Posting Accounting -> Financial accounting -> General ledger -> Periodic processing -> Recurring Entries -> Execute - F.14